Changing Climates in North American Politics: Institutions, Policymaking, and Multilevel Governance
Changing Climates in North American Politics: Institutions, Policymaking, and Multilevel Governance
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Abstract
North American policy responses to global climate change are complex and sometimes contradictory, and reach across multiple levels of government. For example, the U.S. federal government rejected the Kyoto Protocol and mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) restrictions, but California developed some of the world's most comprehensive climate change law and regulation; Canada's federal government ratified the Kyoto Protocol, but Canadian GHG emissions increased even faster than those of the United States; and Mexico's state-owned oil company addressed climate change issues in the 1990s, in stark contrast to leading U.S. and Canadian energy firms. This book examines and compares political action for climate change across North America, at levels ranging from continental to municipal, in locations ranging from Mexico to Toronto to Portland, Maine. It investigates new or emerging institutions, policies, and practices in North American climate governance; the roles played by public, private, and civil society actors; the diffusion of policy across different jurisdictions; and the effectiveness of multilevel North American climate change governance. The book finds that although national climate policies vary widely, the complexities and divergences are even greater at the subnational level. Policy initiatives are developed separately in states, provinces, cities, large corporations, NAFTA bodies, universities, non-governmental organizations, and private firms, and this lack of coordination limits the effectiveness of multilevel climate change governance. In North America, unlike much of Europe, climate change governance has been largely bottom-up rather than top-down.
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Front Matter
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Introduction
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I Between Kyoto and Washington
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II States and Cities Out Front
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4
Second-Generation Climate Policies in the States: Proliferation, Diffusion, and Regionalization
Barry G. Rabe
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5
Field Notes on the Political Economy of California Climate Policy
Alexander E. Farrell andW. Michael Hanemann
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6
Climate Leadership in Northeast North America
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7
Local Government Response to Climate Change: Our Last, Best Hope?
Christopher Gore andPamela Robinson
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4
Second-Generation Climate Policies in the States: Proliferation, Diffusion, and Regionalization
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III Continental Politics
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IV Climate Action among Firms, Campuses, and Individuals
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11
Business Strategies and Climate Change
Charles A. Jones andDavid L. Levy
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12
Insurance and Reinsurance in a Changing Climate
Virginia Haufler
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13
Campus Climate Action
Dovev Levine
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14
Communicating Climate Change and Motivating Civic Action: Renewing, Activating, and Building Democracies
Susanne C. Moser
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11
Business Strategies and Climate Change
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Conclusion
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End Matter
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