The Ethics of Animal Research: Exploring the Controversy
The Ethics of Animal Research: Exploring the Controversy
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Abstract
An estimated 100 million nonhuman vertebrates worldwide—including primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, birds, rats, and mice—are bred, captured, or otherwise acquired every year for research purposes. Much of this research is seriously detrimental to the welfare of these animals, causing pain, distress, injury, or death. This book explores the ethical controversies that have arisen over animal research, examining closely the complex scientific, philosophical, moral, and legal issues involved. Defenders of animal research face a twofold challenge: they must make a compelling case for the unique benefits offered by animal research; and they must provide a rationale for why these benefits justify treating animal subjects in ways that would be unacceptable for human subjects. This challenge is at the heart of the book. Some chapters argue that it can be met fairly easily; others argue that it can never be met; still others argue that it can sometimes be met, although not necessarily easily. The book considers how moral theory can be brought to bear on the practical ethical questions raised by animal research, examines the new challenges raised by the emerging possibilities of biotechnology, and considers how to achieve a more productive dialogue on this polarizing subject.
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Front Matter
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1
The Ethics of Animal Research: An Overview of the Debate
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I Animal Research: Ethical and Scientific Starting Points
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II Bringing Moral Theory to Bear on Animal Research
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4
Defending Animal Research: An International Perspective
Baruch A. Brody
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5
Animal Experimentation, Marginal Cases, and the Significance of Suffering
Alastair Norcross
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6
Lives in the Balance: Utilitarianism and Animal Research
Robert Bass
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7
Empty Cages: Animal Rights and Vivisection
Tom Regan
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8
Virtue, Vice, and Vivisection
Garret Merriam
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9
Contractarianism, Animals, and Risk
Mark Rowlands
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4
Defending Animal Research: An International Perspective
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III The Ethics of Animal Research in the New Era of Biotechnology
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IV Making Progress in the Debate: Alternative Paths Forward
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12
Debating the Value of Animal Research
Andrew Rowan
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13
The Commonsense Case against Animal Experimentation
Mylan Engel
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14
Rational Engagement, Emotional Response, and the Prospects for Moral Progress in Animal Use “Debates”
Nathan Nobis
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15
Animal Rights Advocacy and Modern Medicine: The Charge of Hypocrisy
Tom Regan
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16
We’re All Animals: A Feminist Treatment of the Moral Limits of Nonhuman Animal Research
Christina M. Bellon
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12
Debating the Value of Animal Research
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End Matter
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