Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Brief History of Robustness Brief History of Robustness
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Robustness: Basic Issues Robustness: Basic Issues
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Perturbation Perturbation
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Functional Contribution and Exclusion Dependence Functional Contribution and Exclusion Dependence
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Types of Questions Types of Questions
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A Word of Caution A Word of Caution
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Robustness Principles Robustness Principles
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Redundancy Redundancy
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Purging and Anti-redundancy Purging and Anti-redundancy
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Multiple Pathways Multiple Pathways
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Mutational Robustness Mutational Robustness
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Neutrality and Sloppiness Neutrality and Sloppiness
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Feedback Control Feedback Control
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Modularity Modularity
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Spatial Compartmentalization Spatial Compartmentalization
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Distributed Processing Distributed Processing
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Conflict Management Conflict Management
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Error Correction and Repair Error Correction and Repair
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Relationship to Niche Construction, Canalization, and Other Adaptive Traits Relationship to Niche Construction, Canalization, and Other Adaptive Traits
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Robustness in Social Systems: From Decision Making to Organization Robustness in Social Systems: From Decision Making to Organization
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Robustness at the Societal Scale Robustness at the Societal Scale
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Robustness at the Behavioral Scale Robustness at the Behavioral Scale
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Methods of Experiment and Analysis Methods of Experiment and Analysis
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Methods for Studying Robust Decision Making Methods for Studying Robust Decision Making
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Methods for Studying Societal Robustness Methods for Studying Societal Robustness
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
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8 Robustness in Biological and Social Systems
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Published:October 2012
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Abstract
Defined as the invariance of system structure or function following a nontrivial perturbation to one or more important system components, robustness is a characteristic property of all adaptive systems. This chapter reviews the theory of robustness in biology, the design of experiments used to assay robustness (including the functional behavior or outputs of a system), and the adaptive response of those parts or components which are compromised by a perturbation. Emphasis is given to a rigorous logic of measurement that carefully factors apart the many causal contributions to robust function. Insights from the study of robustness in biology are applied to the social and decision-making domains, and modifications of experimental design and theory are proposed to account for challenges unique to human agents.
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