- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
- 1Introduction
- 2Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
- 3Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols
- 4 Cloud Properties from <i>In-situ</i> and Remote-sensing Measurements
- 5Clouds and Precipitation
- 6Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols
- 7Laboratory Cloud Simulation
- 8Cloud-controlling Factors
- 9 Deep Convective Clouds
- 10Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness
- 11Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus
- 12Cloud-controlling Factors
- 13Cloud Particle Precursors
- 14Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale
- 15Weather and Climate Engineering
- 16Air Pollution and Precipitation
- 17What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget?
- 18The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds
- 19Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- 20Simulating Global Clouds
- 21Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale
- 22Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes
- 23Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models
- 24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties
- Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
IPCC (2007) and Beyond
- Chapter:
- 19 (p.451) Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- Source:
- Clouds in the Perturbed Climate System
- Author(s):
Jim Haywood
Leo Donner
Andy Jones
Jean-Christophe Golaz
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
Aerosol particles are thought to exert a significant indirect radiative forcing because they act as cloud condensation nuclei in warm cloud formation and as ice nuclei in cold cloud-forming processes. This chapter discusses the processes considered in assessing aerosol indirect radiative forcing and also highlights the problems in assessing the effect of anthropogenic aerosols upon clouds under the definition of radiative forcing by IPCC (2007). Finally, it considers the characteristics of cloud–aerosol interactions that may limit the interpretation of forcing when applied to aerosol indirect effects.
Keywords: radiative forcing, cloud condensation nuclei, CCN, cloud formation, ice nuclei, indirect radiative forcing, aerosols, IPCC
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- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
- 1Introduction
- 2Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
- 3Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols
- 4 Cloud Properties from <i>In-situ</i> and Remote-sensing Measurements
- 5Clouds and Precipitation
- 6Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols
- 7Laboratory Cloud Simulation
- 8Cloud-controlling Factors
- 9 Deep Convective Clouds
- 10Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness
- 11Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus
- 12Cloud-controlling Factors
- 13Cloud Particle Precursors
- 14Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale
- 15Weather and Climate Engineering
- 16Air Pollution and Precipitation
- 17What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget?
- 18The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds
- 19Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- 20Simulating Global Clouds
- 21Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale
- 22Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes
- 23Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models
- 24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties
- Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
