- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
-
1 Introduction -
2 Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget -
3 Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols -
4 Cloud Properties from In-situ and Remote-sensing Measurements -
5 Clouds and Precipitation -
6 Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols -
7 Laboratory Cloud Simulation -
8 Cloud-controlling Factors -
9 Deep Convective Clouds -
10 Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness -
11 Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus -
12 Cloud-controlling Factors -
13 Cloud Particle Precursors -
14 Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale -
15 Weather and Climate Engineering -
16 Air Pollution and Precipitation -
17 What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget? -
18 The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds -
19 Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols -
20 Simulating Global Clouds -
21 Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale -
22 Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes -
23 Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models -
24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties - Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
IPCC (2007) and Beyond
- Chapter:
- 19 (p.451) Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- Source:
- Clouds in the Perturbed Climate System
- Author(s):
Jim Haywood
Leo Donner
Andy Jones
Jean-Christophe Golaz
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
Aerosol particles are thought to exert a significant indirect radiative forcing because they act as cloud condensation nuclei in warm cloud formation and as ice nuclei in cold cloud-forming processes. This chapter discusses the processes considered in assessing aerosol indirect radiative forcing and also highlights the problems in assessing the effect of anthropogenic aerosols upon clouds under the definition of radiative forcing by IPCC (2007). Finally, it considers the characteristics of cloud–aerosol interactions that may limit the interpretation of forcing when applied to aerosol indirect effects.
Keywords: radiative forcing, cloud condensation nuclei, CCN, cloud formation, ice nuclei, indirect radiative forcing, aerosols, IPCC
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- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
-
1 Introduction -
2 Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget -
3 Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols -
4 Cloud Properties from In-situ and Remote-sensing Measurements -
5 Clouds and Precipitation -
6 Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols -
7 Laboratory Cloud Simulation -
8 Cloud-controlling Factors -
9 Deep Convective Clouds -
10 Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness -
11 Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus -
12 Cloud-controlling Factors -
13 Cloud Particle Precursors -
14 Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale -
15 Weather and Climate Engineering -
16 Air Pollution and Precipitation -
17 What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget? -
18 The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds -
19 Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols -
20 Simulating Global Clouds -
21 Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale -
22 Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes -
23 Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models -
24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties - Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
