- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
- 1Introduction
- 2Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
- 3Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols
- 4 Cloud Properties from <i>In-situ</i> and Remote-sensing Measurements
- 5Clouds and Precipitation
- 6Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols
- 7Laboratory Cloud Simulation
- 8Cloud-controlling Factors
- 9 Deep Convective Clouds
- 10Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness
- 11Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus
- 12Cloud-controlling Factors
- 13Cloud Particle Precursors
- 14Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale
- 15Weather and Climate Engineering
- 16Air Pollution and Precipitation
- 17What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget?
- 18The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds
- 19Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- 20Simulating Global Clouds
- 21Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale
- 22Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes
- 23Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models
- 24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties
- Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
What Do We Not Know and What Do We Need to Know?
- Chapter:
- 2 (p.17) Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
- Source:
- Clouds in the Perturbed Climate System
- Author(s):
Joel R. Norris
Anthony Slingo
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
This chapter investigates variations in cloudiness and changes in the Earth’s radiation budget (ERB), including their connection with other parameters of the climate system. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions cause a perturbation to the physical and radiative properties of clouds. The chapter examines the radiative impacts of anthropogenic aerosol emissions on cloudiness, and also indicates the importance of small cloud and ERB changes and the difficulties encountered in measuring them. Cloud simulation and climate sensitivity observed in global climate models are discussed as well.
Keywords: cloudiness, Earth’s radiation budget, ERB, radiation budget, aerosol emissions, cloud simulation, climate sensitivity, global climate models
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- Title Pages
- The Ernst Strüngmann Forum
- List of Contributors
- 1Introduction
- 2Trends in Observed Cloudiness and Earth’s Radiation Budget
- 3Climatologies of Cloud-related Aerosols
- 4 Cloud Properties from <i>In-situ</i> and Remote-sensing Measurements
- 5Clouds and Precipitation
- 6Temporal and Spatial Variability of Clouds and Related Aerosols
- 7Laboratory Cloud Simulation
- 8Cloud-controlling Factors
- 9 Deep Convective Clouds
- 10Large-scale Controls on Cloudiness
- 11Cloud-controlling Factors of Cirrus
- 12Cloud-controlling Factors
- 13Cloud Particle Precursors
- 14Cloud–Aerosol Interactions from the Micro to the Cloud Scale
- 15Weather and Climate Engineering
- 16Air Pollution and Precipitation
- 17What Do We Know about Large-scale Changes of Aerosols, Clouds, and the Radiation Budget?
- 18The Extent and Nature of Anthropogenic Perturbations of Clouds
- 19Global Indirect Radiative Forcing Caused by Aerosols
- 20Simulating Global Clouds
- 21Observational Strategies from the Micro- to Mesoscale
- 22Observational Strategies at Meso- and Large Scales to Reduce Critical Uncertainties in Future Cloud Changes
- 23Aerosols and Clouds in Chemical Transport Models and Climate Models
- 24 Current Understanding and Quantification of Clouds in the Changing Climate System and Strategies for Reducing Critical Uncertainties
- Abbreviations
- Name Index
- Subject Index
