Inverse Scope
Inverse Scope
This chapter discusses inverse scope, focusing on the universal quantifier determiners every and each, and their relatives. It examines how true universal quantifiers invert scope in both right- and left-branching derivations and looks at examples which seem to allow a universal to invert scope over a matrix indefinite from inside that indefinite’s noun modifier. The chapter also explains how inverse-scoping universals support bound-variable anaphora, the phenomenon known as “Frozen” Scope, “intermediate”-scope readings for sentences with more than two quantifiers, asymmetric scope in English embedded universal subjects, and asymmetric scope in German and Dutch. It concludes with a discussion of why nonuniversal quantifiers do not invert.
Keywords: inverse scope, determiners, universal quantifiers, anaphora, Frozen Scope, asymmetric scope, universal subjects, nonuniversal quantifiers, German, Dutch
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