Conclusion
Conclusion
This book has outlined some elements of a blueprint for effective earth system governance, including a global and effective architecture that is adaptive to changing circumstances; participation by involving citizens and civil society at all levels; accountability and legitimacy as part of new democratic governance beyond the state; and fairness for all participants. There is no doubt that engagement of cities, civil society, and the private sector is urgently needed. Earth system governance cannot be addressed by governments alone. It must include all societal actors and individual citizens. For one, technology change and effective policies at local and national levels need to become a driving force of progress. Transformation in social behavior is crucial as well, moving from a focus on mere efficiency to broader notions of “sufficiency.” More importantly, new forms of multilateralism and effective international cooperation are needed. The institutional blueprint suggested in this book would be the largest transformation of the United Nations system since 1945.
Keywords: earth system governance, civil society, accountability, legitimacy, social behavior, multilateralism, international cooperation, United Nations
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